Therapy dogs: healing without words.
Canine therapy (from Latin canis — dog) is a method of rehabilitation and psychosocial support ("Psychosocial support" refers to actions that meet the psychological and social needs of individuals, families, and communities), where dogs are utilized as therapeutic animals.
The concept of using dogs in therapy dates back to ancient times, but modern canine therapy began to gain momentum in the mid-20th century:
1. In ancient times, dogs were regarded as healers. For instance, in Ancient Greece, it was believed that dogs could heal wounds by licking them.
During the Middle Ages, dogs often accompanied the sick in monasteries, helping to alleviate anxiety and fear.
2. In the 1940s, American psychiatrist Boris Levinson accidentally discovered the positive effects of dogs on patients with mental disorders. His dog interacted with a child during a session, significantly improving the child's condition.
Levinson continued his research and introduced the term "pet therapy," becoming the pioneer of modern canine therapy.
3. In the 1970s and 80s, canine therapy gained recognition in the USA, Europe, and Australia as an auxiliary treatment method for individuals with various conditions, including cerebral palsy, autism, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression.
In Russia, canine therapy began to develop in the 1990s and particularly flourished in the 2000s.
Today, canine therapy is practiced worldwide.
Active regions:
USA and Canada: There are specialized centers and programs in hospitals, schools, and nursing homes.
Europe: In the Czech Republic, Poland, Germany, and the UK, canine therapy is included in rehabilitation programs and social adaptation courses.
Russia and the CIS: It is utilized in orphanages, hospices, and psychiatric clinics.
Main areas of application:
1. Psychotherapy and rehabilitation: Support for individuals with autism, anxiety disorders, and depression.
2. Physiotherapy: Improvement of motor skills and coordination in children with cerebral palsy.
3. Social adaptation: Working with elderly individuals and people with disabilities to enhance their emotional well-being.
4. Education: Programs for children with learning difficulties.
Which dogs participate:
Labradors, golden retrievers, border collies, and other breeds known for their gentle temperament and high trainability.
Canine therapy continues to evolve as an effective method of psychological and physical rehabilitation. It demonstrates that interaction with animals can be a powerful tool for enhancing the quality of life for individuals.